National models of journalism in the conditions of globalization processes

Abstract

The article presents an analytical review of studies devoted to the study of national models of journalism, the conceptualization of the national experience of journalism in the context of globalization. The author of the article notes the impact of globalization processes, new technologies and mass media commercialization on the global media space. At the same time, the emphasis is on an indigenized approach to studying the media, the essence of which is the conceptualization of the national experience of journalism and the analysis of the activities of media systems in a specific historical context. The theoretical material of the study consists of English-language and Russian-language scientific articles and studies devoted to the study of national models of journalism in different countries. To study the specifics of national Belarusian journalism in the context of an indigenized approach, the data obtained during the research project (2012–2014) were used as an empirical base. The material of the study was 17 interviews with editors and journalists, who were in 1991–1996 founders / creators of new Belarusian periodicals and / or initiators of innovative changes in the information space of the Republic of Belarus. An analysis of the opinions of the interviewed journalists makes it possible to identify such conceptual dominants that characterize the Belarusian print journalism of those years as “freedom”, “influence”, “competition”, which to a certain extent reproduce the normative canon of journalism. The material of the article confirms that the post-Soviet period is of particular interest for research in the context of an indigenized approach to studying national media models. It was then that journalism in the post-Soviet space experienced institutional transformations, mastered new topics and tools of work, integrated into its practice the ideas and principles of journalism borrowed from Western practice.